LA RIVERS, J., Algae of the Western
Great Basin. Bioresources Center, Desert Research Institute University
of Nevada System. Publication no. 50008. 390 pp., 343 figs. [Key]
[Charophyceae pp. 125-129, fig. 128-133; N. opcaca, C. contraria,
C. delicatula, C. evoluta, C. vulgaris, C. zeylanica].
LABH, L. & VERMA, B.N., 1966. New counts for Chara fibrosa
complex. Cytologia 51: 185-191.
LACHAVANNE, J.B. & PERFETTA, J., 1985. Les macrophytes du
Lac de Zurich. Matériaux pour le levé géobotanique
de la Suisse, Fasc. 61, pp. 1-79, 4 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution
map), 1 aerial photo, 25 distribution maps. [English summary]
[C. vulgaris, C. globularis, Nitellopsis obtusa].
LACHAVANNE, J.B. & WATTENHOFER, R., 1975. Contribution à
l'étude des Macrophytes du Léman. Commission Internationale
pour la Protection des Eaux du Léman contre la Pollution,
Conservatoire botanique de Genève, Genève. 147 pp.,
8 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution map), 1 folded map, 1 aerial photo,
42 distribution maps, 25 unnumbered figs.. [English summary] [C.
aspera, C. contraria, C. delicatula, C. globularis, C. hispida,
C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. syncarpa,
Nitellopsis obtusa].
LACHAVANNE, J.B., 1977. Contribution a l'étude des macrophytes
du Léman. Thèse Fac. des Sciences Université
de Genève no. 1760. Texte condensée pp. 1-71, 8
figs. (2 maps, 1 distribution map), 2 aerial photo's, 3 pl., 10
unnumbered figs., 11 distribution maps. [C. aspera, C. contraria,
C. delicatula, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris,
N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. mucronata, N. opaca,
N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa].
LACOURSIÈRE, E. & GRANDTNER, M.M., 1972. Les groupements
ripariens entre Sainte-Famille et la pointe d'Argentenaye, Île
d'Orléans, Quebec. Naturaliste Canadien 99: 469-507. [N.
tenuissima].
LAKEMAN, R.C., 1976. Water- en oeverplanten van het noordwestelijk
deel van de Vinkeveense plassen. In: P.A. Bakker e.a. (red.) -
De noordelijke Vechtplassen, flora en fauna. pp. 371-383, 4 maps
(3 distribution maps). Commissie voor de Vecht en het oostelijk
en westelijk plassengebied. 393 pp., figs. [Dutch] [C. aspera,
C. contraria, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, N. mucronata,
Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. intricata].
LANFRANCO, E., 1969. A revised checklist of Maltese algae. Sliema.
24 pp. [C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. foetida, C. gymnophylla,
N. flexilis, Tol. nidifica].
LANG, G. & DÜTSCHLER, W., 1970. Farbluftbilder und Gewässerschutz.
CIBA-GEIGY Photochemie A.G. 10 pp., pl. [C. aspera, C. contraria,
C. tomentosa].
LANG, G., 1973a. Die Makrophytenvegetation in der Uferzone des
Bodensees unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihres Zeigerwertes
für den Gütezustand. Internationale Gewässerschutzkommission
für den Bodensee, Bericht Nr. 12. 67 pp., 25 figs. (4 maps,
44 distribution maps) [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. tomentosa,
C. delicatula, C. dissoluta, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. imperfecta,
C. vulgaris, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. opaca,
N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata].
LANG, G., 1973b. Die Vegetation des westlichen Bodenseegebietes.
Pflanzensoziologie 17. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena. 451 pp., 40
figs. (10 maps, 28 distribution maps), 16 pl. [N. hyalina, Nitellopsis
obtusa, C. aculeolata, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. foetida, C.
fragilis, C. hispida, C. intermedia, C. tomentosa].
LANG, G., 1990. Die Vegetation des westlichen Bodenseegebietes.
2e Auflage. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart-New York. 462 pp.,
41 figs. (10 maps, 34 distribution maps), 16 pl. [N. hyalina,
Nitellopsis obtusa, C. aculeolata, C. aspera, C. contraria, C.
foetida, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. intermedia, C. tomentosa].
LANGANGEN, A., 1971. Chara-lakes of protective values in southern
Norway. Blyttia 29: 119-131. [Norwegian, english summary] [C.
tomentosa, C. aculeolata, C. contraria, C. rudis, C.strigosa,
C. aspera, C. globularis].
LANGANGEN, A., 1972a. Die Characeen-vegetation auf den Hvaler-Inseln,
südost Norwegen. Blyttia 30: 1-13. [Lamp. papulosum, Tol.
nidifica, C. canescens, C. aspera, C. aculeolata, C. vulgaris,
C. hispida, C. globularis].
LANGANGEN, A., 1972b. The Charophyta of Island. Astarte 5: 27-31.
[N. opaca, N. flexilis, C. globularis].
LANGANGEN, A., 1974. Ecology and distribution of Norwegian Charophytes.
Norwegian Journal of Botany 21: 31-52, 27 figs. (1 map, 16 distribution
maps). [7 Nitella, 2 Tolypella, 10 Chara species, Lamp. papulosum].
LANGANGEN, A., 1991. Nyborgtjern pa Hadeland, en kransalgesjø
som bør vernes. Blyttia 49: 11-15. [Norwegian] [C. tomentosa,
C. contraria, C. aculeolata].
LANGANGEN, A., 1993. Some morphological and ecological observations
on Chara canescens (Charophyte). Cryptogamie, Algologie 14: 215-220.
LANGANGEN, A., 1994. Tolypella normaniana Nordstedt, a little
known charophyte from northern Norway. Cryptogamie, Algologie
15: 221-236, 15 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution map). [Tol. normaniana
n = c. 20, C. aspera].
LANGANGEN, A., 1996. Sjeldne og truete kransalger i Norge (Rare
and threatened charophytes in Norway). Blyttia 53: 23-30. [Norwegian,
english summary] [Red list] [5 Chara, 5 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species,
Lamprothamnium papulosum].
LANGANGEN, A., 1997a. Flere kalksjøer I Troms (Additional
Chara-lakes in Troms, North Norway). Polarflokken 21: 69-72, 1
fig., 1 table. [Norwegian, english summary] [C. contraria, C.
delicatula, C. aspera, C. strigosa, C. rudis].
LANGANGEN, A., 1997b. The charophyte Nitella translucens (Pers.)
Ag. found in lake Hanangervannet, Farsund. Blyttia 55 (1): 35-38.
[N. translucens].
LANGANGEN, A., BLINDOW, I. & KOISTINEN, M., 1997. Tolypella
canadensis Sawa (Charophyceae), a charophyte new to the flora
of Finland. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 73:
53-56, 1 fig., 1 distribution map. [Tol. canadensis].
LANGANGEN, A., HANSEN, J.B. & MANN, H., 1996. The charophytes
of Greenland. Cryptogamie, Algologie 17: 239-257, 1 fig., 9 distribution
maps. [N. flexilis, N. opaca, C. canescens, C. contraria, C. globularis,
C. delicatula, C. baltica, Tol. canadensis, Tol. nidifica].
LANGER, W., 1975. Die Kontaktmikroradiographie in der Mikropaläontologie.
Dechniana 127: 215-219, 1 pl.
LANGER, W., 1976. Neufunde von Sycidium G. Sandberger (nova class.
Charophyta ?) aus dem Devon der Eiffel. Paläontologischer
Zeitschrift 50: 209-221.
LANNOYE, R.J., TARR, S.E. & DAINTY, J., 1970. The effect of
pH on the ionic and electrical properties of the internodal cells
of Chara australis. Journal of Experimental Botany 21: 543-551.
LATHWELL, D.J., BOULDIN, D.R. & GAYETTE, E.A., 1973. Growth
and chemical composition of aquatic plants in twenty artificial
wildlife marshes. New York Fish and Game Journal 20: 108-128.
LAUTERBORN, R., 1908. Bericht über die Ergebnisse der 3.
biologische Untersuchung des Oberrheins auf der Strecke Basel-Mainz
von 9. bis 22. August 1906. Arbeiten des Kaiserliches Gesundheitamt
zu Berlin 28: 62-91. [Nitellopsis obtusa].
LAUTERBORN, R., 1910. Die Vegetation des Oberrheins. Verhandlungen
der Naturhistorischen-Medischen Verein zu Heidelberg, N.F. 10:
450-502. [N. batrachosperma].
LAZAR, J., 1960. Alge Slovenije, seznam sladkovodnih vrst in Kljuc
za dolocanje. (The Algae of Slovenia). Slovenska Akademija Znanosti
in Umetnostii, razred za prirodoslovne in medicinske vede dela
10 pt. 4. Ljubljana. 279 pp., 851 figs. [Slovenian, english summary]
[Key] [Charophyta pp. 256-260, fig. 834-851: 7 Nitella, 12 Chara
species].
LAZAR, J., 1975. Raz_irjenost sladkovodnih alg v Sloveniji (Widespread
of fresh-water algae in Slovenia). Slovenska Akademija Znanosti
in Umetnosti, razred za prirodoslovne vede. Ljubljana. 83pp.,
1 map. [Slovenian, english summary] [Charophyta p. 80: N. capilaris,
N. flexilis, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. opaca, C. aspera, C.
contraria, C. delicatula, C. dissoluta, C. foetida, C. fragilis,
C. gymnophylla, C. hispida, C. rudis, Lychn. barbatus].
LEACH, G.J. & OSBORNE, P.L., 1985. Freshwater plants of Papua
New Guinea. University of Papua New Guinea Press, Port Moresby.
XV + 254 pp., 59 figs. (4 maps), 32 pl. [Characeae pp. 25-32,
fig. 5; C. australis, C. fibrosa, C. globularis, C. setosa, Lychn.
barbatus, N. cristata, N. furcata, N. pseudoflabellata].
LEACH, S.J., POLLOCK, K. & LANSDOWN, R.V., 1999. Tolypella
prolifera discovered in Somerset (V.C. 6). BSBI News 80: 28-29.
[Tol. prolifera].
LEBRUN, J., NOIRFALISE, A., HEINEMANN, P. & VAN DEN BERGHEN,
C., 1949. Les associations végétales de Belgique.
Bulletin de la Societé Royale de Belgique 82; 105-207.
[C. hispida & C. aspera in Ass. à Potamogeton coloratus].
LEE SU, K. & STABA, E.J., 1972. Aquatic plants from Minnesota.
Part 1 - Chemical survey. Water Resources Research Center, University
of Minnesota Bulletin 46. 50 pp. [Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Lipids
& others in C. vulgaris].
LEENTVAAR, P. & HIGLER, L.W.G., 1962. Hydrobiologische waarnemingen
op Ameland. De Levende Natuur 65: 257-262. [Dutch] [C. canescens].
LEENTVAAR, P. & HIGLER, L.W.G., 1966. Duinplas de Muy op Texel.
De Levende Natuur 69: 110-115. [Dutch].
LEENTVAAR, P. & MÖRZER BRUIJNS, M.F., 1962. De verontreiniging
van de Loosdrechtse Plassen en haar gevolgen. De Levende Natuur
65: 42-48. [Dutch] [Nitellopsis obtusa].
LEENTVAAR, P., 1961. Hydrobiologische waarnemingen in het Veluwemeer.
De Levende Natuur 64: 273-279. [Dutch] [Nitellopsis obtusa (as
Chara sp.)].
LEENTVAAR, P., 1966. Plant en dier in het Veluwemeer. Waterkampioen
38: 18-20. [Dutch].
LEENTVAAR, P., 1976. Hydrobiologie van het Naardermeer. In: P.A.
Bakker e.a. (red.) - De noordelijke Vechtplassen, flora en fauna.
pp. 65-91. Commissie voor de Vecht en het oostelijk en westelijk
plassengebied. 393 pp., figs. [Dutch] [C. aspera, N. hyalina,
Nitellopsis obtusa].
LEFEBVRE, J. & GILLET, C., 1971. Effects des cations externes
sur l'activité des chlorures cytoplasmic dosés par
l'électrode Ag-AgCl introduite dans la cellule de Nitella.
Biochimica Biophysica Acta 249: 556 [N. flexilis].
LEFEBVRE, J. & GILLET, C., 1973. Réversibilité
de la réponse du potentiel de membrane chez Nitella flexilis
à des variations de pH. Experientia 29: 1489-1519.
LEFEBVRE, J. & GILLET, C., 1974. Effect of pH on the membrane
potential and electric resistance of Nitella flexilis in the presence
of Calcium. Journal of Experimental Botany 24; 1024-1030.
LELACQ, A.L., 1909. Note sur Nitella confervacea A. Br. Bulletin
de la Société des Sciences naturelle de Rouen 64:
235-242.
LEVY, A. & LUCAS, G., 1971. Remarques sur le rôle de
Charophytes dans les milieux margino-littoraux. Comptes Rendus
de l'Académie des Sciences á Paris, sér.
D 272: 2527-2530. [C. aspera, Lamp. papulosum].
LI, Y.J., 1985. (Some new taxa of Nitella from Guangdong, China).
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 23: 153-160, 8 figs. [Chinese, latin
description, english summary] [N. sessilis n. spec., N. guangdonensis
n. spec., N. flagelliformis, N. brevidactyla, N. pakistanica,
N. bengalensis, N. madagascariensis, N. tenuissima].
LINDAU, G., 1914. Kryptogamenflora für Anfänger. Band
4. Die Algen, Abt. II. Julius Springer, Berlin. XXVI + 200 pp.,
fig. I-VII, 16 pl. (fig. 1-430) [Key] [Charophyta pp. XVI-XX,
fig. VI-VII, pp. 172-188, fig. 416-430; 9 Nitella, 4 Tolypella,
22 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Tolypellopsis stelligera),
Lamp. papulosum].
LINDEMAN, J.C., 1969. Gekleurde vegetatiekaart van de Molenpolder
1950-1951. Bijlage bij: P.L. Leentvaar et. al. (red.) - De zuidelijke
Vechtplassen, flora en fauna. Commissie voor de Vecht en het Oostelijk
en Westelijk Plassengebied.
LINNAEUS, C. (C. von Linné), 1753. Species Plantarum etc.
Stockholm.
LITTLEFIELD, L. & FORSBERG, C., 1965. Absorption and translocation
of Phosphorus-32 by Chara globularis Thuill. Physiologia Plantarum
18; 291-296.
LLIMONA, X., BALLESTROS, E., BRUGUÉS, M., COMÍN,
F.A., CROS, R.M., MOLERO, J., ROMERO, J., TOMÀS, X. &
TORELLA, F., 1985. Plantes inferiors. Història Naturel
dels Països catalans. Vol. 4. Enciclopèdia Catalana,
Barcelona. 558 pp., 503 pl. [Charophyceae pp. 185-189, 333-344,
516, pl. 162; 14 Chara, 8 Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Lamp.
papulosum, Nitellopsis obtusa].
LOBIN, W. & GROH, K., 1980. Die kapverdischen Inseln, ein
Reisebericht II. Natur und Museum 110: 289-304.
LOHAMMER, G., 1938. Wasserchemie und höhere Vegetation schwedischer
Seen. Symbolae Botanicae Upsaliensis 3: 1-252.
LOISELEUR DESLONGCHAMPS, J.L.A., 1828. Flora Gallica. seu enumeratio
plantarum inGallia sponte nascentium, secundum Linnæanum
systema digestarum, addita familiarum Naturalium synopsi. vol.
1 & 2. ed. 2. J.B. Baillière, Paris. Vol. 1: XXXIV
& 407 pp.; Vol. 2: 496 pp., 31 pl. [Key] [Characeae vol. 1
p. xxxiii; vol. 2 pp. 355-357; C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. fragilis,
C. delicatula, C. capillacea, C. hispida, C. canescens, C. intertexta,
C. decipiens, (Nitella & Tolypella as Chara) Tol. glomerata,
N. tenuissima, N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. batrachosperma,
N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara)].
LOSCH, H., Über das Vorkommen eines 2. Hüllquirls an
den Eiknospen von Chara foetida. Berichten der Deutschen Botanischen
Gesellschaft 30: 516-522, 10 figs.
LUCAS, W.J. & SMITH, F.A., 1973. The formation of alkaline
and acid regions at the surface of Chara corallina cells. Journal
of Experimantal Botany 24: 1-14.
LUCAS, W.J., 1975. Analysis of the diffusion symmetry developed
by the alkaline and acid bands wich form at the surface of Chara
corallina cells. Journal of Experimantal Botany 26: 271-286.
LUCHINI, L., 1974. Diatomeas epifitas de algunas macrofitas del
lago Situacion (Prov. Chubut). Physis Secc. B, Aguas Cont. org.
33: 127-139. [Spanish, english summary] [Diatoms on N. flexilis].
LÜLING, H.K., 1978. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse des Forschungsaufenthaltes
Dr. H.K. Lüling in Argentinien 1975. Zoologische Anzeiger
201: 129-208. [C. vulgaris].
LÜLING, H.K., 1983. Die Wiederentdeckung des Patagonischen
Messingsalmers Gymnocharacinus bergii und seine Lebensweise. Natur
und Museum 113: 112-118. [C. vulgaris].
LUNDEGÅRDH-ERICSON, C., 1972. Changes during four years
in the aquatic macrovegetation in a Flad in N. Stockholm Archipelago.
Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 66: 207-225. [C. tomentosa, C. baltica,
C. aspera].
LUNDH, A., 1947. Chara stelligera Bauer åter funnen i Råbelöwssjön
och Levrasjön. Botanisk Notiser 1947: 81. [Swedish] [Nitellopsis
obtusa].
LUNDH, A., 1951. Studies on the vegetation and hydrochemistry
of Scanian Lakes. I. Higher aquatic vegetation. Botaniske Notiser,
Supplement 2: 1-142. [C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. contraria, C.
hispida, C. rudis].
LUNDH, A., 1951b. Some aspects of the higher aquatic vegetation
in the lake Ringsjön in Scania. Botanisk Notiser 1951: 21-31,
3 figs. (1 map). [C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. contraria, C. hispida,
C. rudis, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera), N. opaca].
LUTHER, H., 1951a. Verbreitung und Ökologie der höheren
Wasserpflanzen im Brackwasser der Ekenäs-Gegend in Südfinnland.I.
Allgemeiner Teil. Acta Botanica Fennica 49. Societatis pro Fauna
et Flora Fennica.Akademische Buchhandlung, Helsingfors. 231 pp.,
5 figs., 4 pl., 100 maps (95 distribution maps). [N. Wahlbergiana,
N. Nordstedtiana, N. flexilis, Tol. nidifica, C. braunii, C. canescens,
C. tomentosa, C. baltica, C. aspera, C. fragilis, Nitellopsis
obtusa].
LUTHER, H., 1951b. Verbreitung und Ökologie der höheren
Wasserpflanzen im Brackwasser der Ekenäs-Gegend in Südfinnland.
II.Spezieller Teil. Acta Botanica Fennicae 50. Societatis pro
Fauna et Flora Fennica. Akademische Buchhandlung, Helsingfors.
370 pp., 1 map. [Characeen pp. 309-353: N. flexilis, N. Wahlbergiana,
N. Nordstedtiana, Tol. nidifica, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. aspera,
C. braunii, C. canescens, C. tomentosa, C. baltica, C. fragilis].
